Optimization of fermentation time and grain concentration for water kefir production from butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea)

Abstract Herbal tea is known rich in bioactive compounds and pigments. can be derived from Butterfly pea flowers. has a high level of anthocyanins flavonoid levels. However, butterfly not been used optimally fermentation products such as water kefir. Water kefir many benefits potential antioxidant sources. This research aimed to optimize time (24-48 hours) concentration grain (5-15%) for the production with good activity using response surface methodology. Central Composite Design was develop models response. The this activity, flavonoid, anthocyanin brightness. optimum condition obtained at 36 hours 2 minutes time, 15% Expert 10.01. combination resulted 58 ppm 39 brightness, 81 mg/g QE 4.2 anthocyanin. A validation experiment showed that no significant difference between actual predicted values based on paired t-test (p>0.05) Minitab 17.0.